Los mitos, son narraciones alegóricas tradicionales y maravillosas ubicadas en tiempos remotos. Son protagonizados por fuerzas sobrenaturales o seres divinos. Por su medio se explican fenómenos o acontecimientos extraordinarios, como el origen del cosmos y grandes acontecimientos de la humanidad. Uno de los mitos más universales y profundos es el que se relaciona con el Sol y el nacimiento de Cristo: el Mito Solar.
Nadie sabe con exactitud la fecha del nacimiento de Jesús de Nazaret. Se han propuesto muchas fechas para su nacimiento, pero en los primeros siglos del cristianismo, los gnósticos iniciados propusieron que su nacimiento se celebrara entre la noche del 24 y el amanecer del 25 de diciembre. La razón por la que se adoptó esta fecha para celebrar el nacimiento del niño Dios de Belén tiene un profundo significado esotérico que es conveniente explicar adecuadamente.
Es indiscutible que la Navidad es un acontecimiento cósmico que se relaciona con una de las posiciones principales del Sol en su movimiento aparente en relación con el planeta Tierra: el Solsticio de Invierno.
Muchos sabios han afirmado que la explicación a los mitos de las antiguas religiones, puede encontrarse en la Astronomía. Parte importante del fundamento de muchas religiones, tiene un profundo contenido astronómico. En todas las religiones se busca a Dios o a los dioses en el cielo. Así, por ejemplo, los antiguos griegos y romanos, encontraban a Júpiter, Venus, Marte, entre otros de sus dioses, en el cielo estrellado.
En forma similar, lo hicieron los diferentes pueblos del mundo. Mesoamérica, no fue la excepción. Así, los mayas asociaban a Vucub Kakix o 7 Guacamayo del Popol Vuh, con la Osa Mayor y a la pareja creadora: Ixpiyacoc y Ixmucané, con nuestra constelación de Géminis. (El Cosmos Maya de David Freidel, Linda schele y Joy Parker, páginas 76 y 78 Fondo de Cultura Económica).
En la obra citada (página 72 y 73), Linda Schele, cita a Johannes Wilbert quien le recomendó: “acudiera siempre a la naturaleza en busca de la fuente del simbolismo mitológico”.
En el Hemisferio Norte, el Solsticio de Invierno, es el fenómeno solar que ocurre anualmente, el 21 de diciembre. Corresponde a la noche más larga y al inicio del Invierno en los países ubicados en este hemisferio. En los países del Hemisferio Sur, esta fecha se corresponde con el Solsticio de Verano.
En el Hemisferio Norte, anualmente, desde finales de septiembre, las noches son cada vez más largas a medida que se acerca el 21 de diciembre. En países de latitudes bajas, como Guatemala, apenas se percibe este fenómeno, pero en lugares ubicados en latitudes altas, esta diferencia de horas de luz y de noche, es significativa. Más al norte, la oscuridad es casi total durante las 24 horas del día y en el Polo Norte, es de noche completamente.
Es claro, que la noche siguiente, la noche del 22 de diciembre, ya no será la más corta. Sin embargo, la percepción instintiva de las personas, no está preparada aún para que se perciba que pasó ya la noche más larga. Esto ocurrirá como mínimo tres días después. Es por ello que en los antiguos pueblos del Hemisferio Norte, se celebrara el Nacimiento del Sol, tres días después del Solsticio de Invierno.
Otro fenómeno interesante relacionado con el movimiento aparente del Sol, consiste en que, cada amanecer, el astro rey, cambia de posición. Únicamente en el amanecer de los equinoccios de Primavera y Otoño, el Sol aparece justo en el Este (Oriente). A partir del Equinoccio de Otoño, el 23 de septiembre, en cada amanecer, el Sol despuntará en el Oriente cada vez más hacia el Sur.
El Solsticio, es el momento en el cual, el Sol, en su movimiento aparente hacia el sur, se detiene o estaciona, para iniciar su regreso hacia el oriente. Esto ocurrirá meses después: el 21 de marzo, fecha en la que ocurre el Equinoccio de Primavera. Es el momento en el que el Sol cruza de un hemisferio al otro. Es cuando el Sol se crucifica en los mundos, para que todos los seres tengan vida y la tengan en abundancia.
La Navidad o nacimiento del niño Dios de Belén, ocurre tres días después del Solsticio de Invierno y el Domingo de Resurrección en Semana Santa, ocurre invariablemente después del Equinoccio de Primavera. Por esa época, la constelación de Virgo brilla en el Oriente y en el amanecer del 25 de diciembre, los antiguos imaginaban que el Sol, nacía de entre el vientre de esta constelación.
Por este motivo, la Antropología Gnóstica enseña que diferentes pueblos antiguos celebraban el nacimiento de sus dioses principales en esta época. Cercano al Solsticio de Invierno, nacía Horus en el antiguo Egipto, Mitra, entre los persas y Huitzilopochtli, entre los aztecas.
El Avatara de Acuario, Samael Aun Weor, en el capítulo titulado: El Niño Sol de su «Mensaje de Navidad 1966-67», explica lo siguiente: Observad el Astro Rey en su movimiento elíptico. El Sol se mueve de sur a norte y de norte a sur. Cuando el Sol avanza hacia el norte se celebra el nacimiento del Niño Sol. El nace el 24 de diciembre a la media noche, ya para amanecer del veinticinco.
Si el Cristo Sol no avanzara hacia el norte, la Tierra toda se convertiría en una gran mole de hielo y toda vida perecería, pero el Dios Sol avanza hacia el norte desde el veinticuatro de diciembre para animar y dar calor y vida a todas las criaturas.
El Niño Sol nace el veinticuatro ya para amanecer del veinticinco de diciembre y se crucifica en el equinoccio de primavera para dar vida a todo lo que existe. Lo fijo de la fecha de su nacimiento y lo variable de su muerte tienen siempre en todas las teologías religiosas honda significación
Débil y desvalido nace el Niño del Sol en este humilde pesebre del mundo y en una de esas noches muy largas del invierno, cuando los días son muy cortos en las regiones del norte. El signo de la Virgen Celestial se eleva en el horizonte por la época de Navidad y así nace el Niño para salvar al mundo”.
El Cristo Sol durante la infancia se encuentra rodeado de peligros, y es a todas luces bien claro que el reino de las tinieblas es mucho más largo que el suyo en los primeros días, pero él vive a pesar de todos los terribles peligros que lo amenazan. Pasa el tiempo…, los días se prolongan cruelmente y llega el equinoccio de primavera, la Semana Santa, el momento de cruzar de un extremo a otro, el instante de la crucifixión del Señor en este nuestro mundo.
Al dar estas explicaciones, no se pretende hacer creer a las personas que el Cristo y el Sol sean lo mismo. Lo que se busca es explicar la alegoría escondida detrás del Mito Solar. Así como el Sol es la luz física de la Tierra. También, para el mundo, Cristo es la luz espiritual. A la luz de la Gnosis, el Mito Solar, expone alegóricamente un drama, el Drama Cósmico. Detrás de este mito, se plantea una enseñanza esotérica profunda. El Mito Solar encierra didácticamente el milagro de la redención humana.
El significado oculto del Mito Solar y del Nacimiento de Cristo se encuentra al comprender que es más importante celebrar la Navidad del Corazón que festejar un acontecimiento histórico, que ocurrió en Tierra Santa hace más de 2000 años. De nada hubiera servido que Cristo naciese mil veces en Belén, si no nace en nuestro corazón también. Sin estas explicaciones, sería casi imposible comprender el mensaje oculto de los símbolos de Navidad y las Tradiciones de Navidad
Notas:
Las imágenes fueron tomadas de: Arte renacentista
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